Spending Behaviour Among Pre-Graduate Students At The Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) Based On Kifayah Limits During Covid-19 Pandemic Era

Gelagat Perbelanjaan Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Pra-Siswazah Di Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) Berdasarkan Had Kifayah Pada Era Pandemik Covid-19

Abstract

Had kifayah refers to a minimum basic necessity rate set based on the current cost of living. This limit is also used to determine the rate that needs to be assisted to meet the adequacy of basic expenses. The assessment made in determining the Had Kifayah covers six aspects of basic necessities of life, namely covering (shelter), food, clothing, medicine, education and transportation. A detailed study on Had Kifayah among USIM students has consistently been conducted and it is a requirement that needs to be met to set a reasonable rate in providing zakat assistance especially for asnaf students. The objective of this writing is to study student spending behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic and whether it is sufficient for students to survive on campus. The research method used are the qualitative and quantitative which apart from referring to existing writing and references, a survey was conducted to obtain the latest data from asnaf students through previous databases. The survey has been conducted via online instead o one to one interview due to COVID 19 pandemic. Through a survey that covers aspects of student spending and income, the average of spending method has been used as per agreed with all team members to determine the Had Kifayah, in line with the method used by the state Islamic religious council as a reference. With the improvements made in the agreed calculation system, a more accurate calculation method has been developed and at the same time can help the process of proper distribution of zakat.

Abstrak
Had Kifayah merujuk kepada suatu kadar keperluan asas minimum yang ditetapkan berdasarkan kos sara hidup semasa. Had ini juga digunakan bagi mengetahui kadar yang perlu dibantu untuk menepati kecukupan perbelanjaan asasi. Penilaian yang dibuat dalam menentukan Had Kifayah ini merangkumi enam aspek keperluan asas kehidupan iaitu meliputi perlindungan (tempat tinggal), makanan, pakaian, perubatan, pendidikan dan pengangkutan. Kajian terperinci tentang had kifayah dalam kalangan pelajar USIM belum pernah dibuat dan ia merupakan keperluan yang perlu dipenuhi bagi menetapkan kadar yang munasabah dalam pemberian bantuan. Objektif penulisan ini adalah untuk mengkaji gelagat perbelanjaan pelajar ketika pandemik Covid-19 dan adakah mencukupi bagi pelajar meneruskan kelangsungan hidup di kampus. Kaedah kajian yang digunakan adalah berbentuk kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang mana selain daripada merujuk kepada penulisan dan rujukan sedia ada, satu kaji selidik telah dilakukan bagi mendapatkan data terkini daripada pelajar – pelajar asnaf melalui pengkalan data terdahulu. Melalui kaji selidik yang merangkumi aspek perbelanjaan dan pendapatan pelajar, satu formula khas akan digunakan bagi penentuan had kifayah, selari dengan kaedah yang digunakan oleh majlis agama islam negeri sebagai rujukan. Dengan penambahbaikan yang dilakukan dalam sistem pengiraan yang dipersetujui, satu kaedah pengiraan yang lebih tepat telah dihasilkan dan sekaligus dapat membantu proses pembahagian zakat yang jitu.