The Role Of Hisbah Institution In Governing Ihtikar Activities In Malaysia

Peranan Institusi Hisbah Dalam Mengawal Kegiatan Ihtikar Di Malaysia

Abstract

The role of hisbah is so crucial in safeguarding the common good of the Muslim society, encompassing political, social, and economic activities. The concept of hisbah is based on enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong, and it should be carried out regardless of the time or context, even if the executing body uses a different name. This article explores how the practices of the existing hisbah institution in Malaysia plays a role in monitoring and eradicating ihtikar activities in alignment with the current laws to achieve a stable local economy. This research was conducted through a qualitative study method, which involved analyzing a collection of books, articles, and data obtained from the official portal of the Malaysian government ministries. The research findings indicate that the prohibition of ihtikar in Malaysia is not limited to essential human food supplies alone; it extends to all controlled goods listed by the ministry, which functions as the hisbah institution in economic regulation in Malaysia. This study has found that the enforcement of the Control of Supplies Act, 1961 (Act 122), as mandated by the law in Malaysia, regarding ihtikar offenses is in line with the fundamental principles of Maqasid al-Shariah, which prioritize the preservation of life and property.

Abstrak
Peranan hisbah begitu penting dalam usaha menjaga kemaslahatan umum masyarakat Islam yang merangkumi kegiatan politik, sosial dan ekonomi. Konsep pelaksaan hisbah berprinsipkan al-amr bi al-ma‘ruf wa al-nahy ‘an al-munkar sesuai dilaksanakan tidak kira zaman mahupun persekitaran, sekalipun badan pelaksananya menggunakan nama yang lain. Artikel ini mengkaji bagaimana amalan institusi hisbah yang wujud di Malaysia berperanan dalam mengawasi dan membanteras kegiatan ihtikar menurut peruntukan undang-undang yang sedia ada demi mencapai ekonomi tempatan yang stabil. Penelitian ini dijalankan secara kajian kualitatif iaitu dengan kaedah menganalisis himpunan kitab-kitab, artikel-artikel dan data-data yang diperoleh daripada portal rasmi kementerian kerajaan Malaysia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahawa larangan ihtikar yang disandarkan di Malaysia adalah tidak terhad kepada bekalan makanan asasi manusia sahaja, larangan tersebut terpakai untuk semua barang-barang kawalan yang telah disenaraikan oleh kementerian yang berperanan sebagai institusi hisbah dalam pengawalan ekonomi di Malaysia. Kajian juga mendapati penguatkuasaan Akta Kawalan Bekalan 1961 (Akta 122) yang diperuntukkan oleh undang-undang di Malaysia ke atas kesalahan ihtikar adalah selari dengan prinsip Maqasid Syariah iaitu hifz al-nafs dan hifz al-mal.