The Objectives Of Financial Transactions And The System Of Reference In Deducing Laws: An Applied Study On Contemporary Financial Developments
مقاصد المعاملات المالية وآلية الرجوع إليها في استنباط الأحكام: دراسة تطبيقية على المستجدات المالية المعاصرة
Keywords:
Objectives, Finance, Sharia, Rulings, TransactionsAbstract
The knowing the purposes of Sharia deepens the mujtahid’s understanding of the goals and objectives that the Sharia came to achieve. They are also an effective mechanism for understanding the Sharia text, the basis of all rulings. The mujtahid needs to refer to the purposes of the Sharia when deducing rulings and in weighing on them. Financial transactions are based on norms and traditions. The rulings of these transactions change based on time and place, and a large part of the factor depends on the realization of the Sharia objectives. Therefore, this research came to shed light on the legitimate Sharia objectives as one of the foundations influencing the rulings for the developments of contemporary financial transactions. It is carried out by extrapolating the legal texts in the topic of financial transactions and determining their ruling and objectives. Then, the purposes of those rulings are extracted and the mechanism of reference is further explained along with the benefits that come in deducing legal rulings in contemporary issues. This is done by linking the purposes with other sources of legislation, then presenting applied examples from contemporary financial issues that are studied and devising rules according to that methodology.
ملخص البحث
إن إدراك المقاصد الشرعية يعمق فهم المجتهد للغايات والأهداف التي جاءت الشريعة من أجل تحقيقها، كما أن المقاصد الشرعية آلية فعالة لفهم النص الشرعي الذي هو أساس جميع الأحكام، والمجتهد بحاجة ماسة إلى الرجوع إلى مقاصد الشرع عند الاستنباط، وكذلك عند تنزيل الأحكام وترجيحها. والمعاملات المالية، مبنية على العوائد والأعراف وتتغير أحكامها بناء على تغير الزمان والمكان، ويتوقف جانب كبير من الاستدلال في أحكامها على تحقيق مقاصد الشارع منها، لذلك جاء هذا البحث ليسلط الضوء على المقاصد الشرعية باعتبارها أحد أسس الاستدلال للأحكام، وذلك من خلال استقراء النصوص الشرعية في باب المعاملات المالية والوقوف على حكمها وغايتها، ثم استخلاص المقاصد الشرعية الحاكمة فيها وبيان آلية الرجوع إليها والاستفادة منها في استنباط الأحكام الشرعية للمستجدات من خلال ربط المقاصد بالمصادر التشريع الأخرى، ثم عرض نماذج تطبيقية لمسائل مالية معاصرة يتم دراستها واستنباط أحكمها وفق تلك الآلية.
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