The Dictionary Maqāyīs Al-Luġah, By Ahmed Ibnu Fāris: A Book Review

Authors

  • Anas A. Elgmati PhD Student
  • Abd Rauf Hassan Associate Professor
  • Mohd Azidan Abdul Jabar Professor

Keywords:

Maqāyīs Al-Luġah, Phenomena, Linguistic, Arabic, Dictionary

Abstract

This article aims to shed light on one of the most prominent Arabic dictionaries, which took great care of the linguistic root and defining its general meaning, which was represented in the dictionary of Maqāyīs Al-Luġah "Standards of Language" by Ibnu Fāris, and what is the methodology of Ibnu Fāris in his dictionary. This study also gave a glimpse of what is contained in the dictionary of standards of language is one of linguistic ideas and phenomena that Ibnu Fāris used to define the general semantic roots and origins around which other meanings revolve. This study relied on the descriptive approach to describe the linguistic phenomena extracted from the dictionary of language standards as a selected material for describing the phenomenon in the view of Ibnu Fāris. Where this study showed that the dictionary of language standards contains many linguistic phenomena, the most important of which are the phenomena of derivation and blending, which include phonetic phenomena such as diphthong, substitution, and Rotation, and other semantic phenomena, such as the formation of new meanings as a result of the use of diacritical signs, movements, morphological scale, simile, and metaphor. And what contradicts these phenomena and these measurement tools is considered abnormal by Ibnu Fāris, and it is called the phenomenon of semantic anomaly. This study concluded that dictionaries are not isolated from linguistic phenomena, and that Ibnu Fāris relied on some phenomena to verify the validity of the roots and the validity of the meanings used in them, by measuring the meanings and finding the connection between those meanings. Otherwise they are considered abnormal from the semantic origin subject to this root, the matter which Ibnu Fāris was unique in the rooting of the science of Arabic lexical industry and tried to establish its rules, albeit indirectly.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Anas A. Elgmati, PhD Student

Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, University Putra Malaysia (UPM).

Abd Rauf Hassan, Associate Professor

Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, University Putra Malaysia (UPM).

Mohd Azidan Abdul Jabar, Professor

Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, University Putra Malaysia (UPM).

References

Book

al-Nouri, M. 2019. AṢ-Ṣināʿa Al-Muʿǧamiyya Al-ʿArabiyya [The industry of Arabic Lixicography]. Dar al-Kutub Al-ʿIlmiyyiah.

al-Qazwīnī, A. 1987. Al-Tadwīn fī ʾAẖbār Qazwīn [Blogging in Qazwīn News] (1st ed.). Dar al-Kutub Al-ʿIlmiyyiah.

al-Ṣuyūṭī, A. 1979. Buġyat Al-waʾāt fī Ṭabaqāt Al-Luġawyyīn wa Al-Nuḥāt [The purpose of the wise in the layers of linguists and grammarians] (2nd ed.). Dar al-Fikir.

al-Ṣuyūṭī, A. 1998. Al-Muzhir fī ʿulūm al-Luġah wa Anwāʿihā [Al-Muzhir in linguistics and its types] (1st ed.). Darul Kutub al-ʿilmyya. https://archive.org/details/FP78578

Ibnu Fāris, A. 1979. Muʿǧam Maqāyīs al-Luġah [Dictionary of language standards] (1st ed.). Dar al-Fikir. https://archive.org/details/FP10288/00_10288/mode/1up

Ibnu Fāris, A. 1997. Al-Ṣāḥibī fī Fiqh al-Luġah [al-Ṣāḥibī in Arabic philology]. Darul Kutub Al-ʿilmiyya. https://archive.org/details/waq81676/page/n4/mode/2up

Ibnu H̱illikān, A. 1972. Wafayāt Al-ʾAʿyān wa ʾAnbāʾ ʾAbnāʾ Al-Zamān [The deaths of notables and the news of the sons of time]. Dar Ṣādir.

Latroch, C. 2022. Al-Maʿāǧim Al-Muẖtaṣṣah fī Al-Turāṯ Al-ʿarabī Al-Qadīm [Dictionaries specialized in Arab heritage]. Sīmyāiyyāt journal, 17(2), 932–939.

Medina University. 2011. Kitābu Al-Balāġah 1 [The Book of Rhetoric 1]. Medina Islamic University. https://ebook.univeyes.com/97270

Naṣṣār, Ḥ. 1988. al-Muʿǧam al-ʿArabī Našatuhu wa Taṭawruh [The Arabic Dictionary: Its Origin and Development] (4th ed.). Dar Misr. https://archive.org/details/waq14334/14334p/mode/2up

ʿUmar, A. 2003. Al-Baḥṯ Al-Luġawī ʿinda Al-ʿArab. ʿAlam Al-Kutub.

ʿUmar, A. 2009. Muʿǧam Al-Luġah Al-ʿArabiyyah AL-Muʿaṣirah [Dictionary of the Contemporary Arabic Language]. ʿAlam Al-Kutub.

Journal

al-Ǧabūrī, Ṣ. 2020. Al-Taẖṭīṭ Al-Manhaǧī ʿind Ibnu Fāris fi Ṣināʿat Maqāyīs Al-Luġah [Systematic planning at Ibnu Fāris in building (language standards)]. Literature and Languages Journal, 20(1), 65–75.

ʿAwwāḍ, S., & Ḥisīn, Ṣ. 2009. Al-Taġayurāt Al-Ṣawtiyyah wa Qawānīnihā (Al-Mafhūm wa Al-Muṣṭalaḥ) [Phonemic changes and their laws (concept and term)]. Tishreen University Journal of Research and Scientific Studies, 31(1), 131–148.

Baizid, J. 2020. Al-Ṣarf Al-ʿArabī bina Al-Turāṯ Al-Luġawī wa Al-Dars Al-Lisānī Al-ʿArabī Al-Ḥadīṯ [Arabic exchange between linguistic heritage and modern linguistics lesson]. Al-Mumārsāt Al-Luġawiyyah journal, 13(3), 46–72.

Bin Dawoud, A. 2018. Al-Ṣināʿah Al-Muʿǧamiyyah fi Al-dars Al-Lisānī Al-Ḥadīṯ [The lexical industry in the modern linguistic]. Al-ʿalāmah Journal, 3(1), 173–190.

Bin Mālik, A. 2021. Al-Ṣināʿah Al-Muʿǧamiyyah Al-ʿArabiyyah [Arabic Lixicography]. Semiotic research journal, 9(2), 104–112.

Buluẖṭūṭ, M. 2018. Al-ʾIdġām, Mafhūmuh wa ʾAnwāʿuh fī Sūrat Al-Māʾidah: Dirāsah fī Al-ʿAlāqah byn Al-ʾAdāʾ Al-Nuṭqī wa Al-dilālah Al-Ṣawtiyyah [Diphthong; Its concept and types in Surat Al-Ma’idah: A study of the relationship between verbal performance and phonemic significance]. Al-ʾIšʿāʿ journal, 5(1), 103–123.

Ḏahabī, M. 2020. Usus Ṣināʿit Al-Maʿāǧim mi Manẓur Abdul Raḥmān Al-Ḥāǧ Ṣāliḥ [The foundations of the lexicography industry from the perspective of Abdul Rahman Al-Haj Salih]. 2(2), 112–125.

Halawah, W. nurul H., & Nasirudeen, N. 219 C.E. The Linguistics of Blending between Arabic and English—A Comparative Analysis Study. Al-Lisan international journal for linguistics & literary studies, 3(7), 19–29.

Ṭāfiš, R., & ʿbdu Allāh, M. 2019. Al-Šād Al-Dilālī fī Muʿǧam Maqāīs Al-Luǧah [The Semantic Anomaly In The Dictionary Of Language measurement. Al-Bāḥiṯ journal, 11(1), 57–78.

Thesis

Amārah, N. 2014. Al-ǧuhūd Al-Taṯīliyah fi Al-Maʿājim Al-Qadīmah wa Dawruhā fi Inǧāz Al-Muʿǧam Al-Tārīẖī [Etymological efforts in old dictionaries and their role in the building of the historical dictionary]. Master Thesis, University of Tizi Ouzou. https://search.mandumah.com/Record/652278

Baẖaddah, F. 2013. Al-Malāmiḥ Al- Ṣawtiyyah fi Muqaddimāt Al-Maʿaǧim Al-ʿArabiyyah [Phonetic features in the introductions to Arabic dictionaries]. Master Thesis. Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella.

Dawud, F. 2005. Al-Masāʾil Al-Ṣarfiyyah fī Muʿǧamay Ibni Fāris: Al-Muǧmal wa Al-Maqāyyis [Morphological Matters in Ibnu Fāris’ Dictionary: Al-Muǧmal and Al-Maqāyyis]. Master Thesis. Yarmouk University, Faculty of Arts.

Qalālah, A. 2014. Al-Taṭawur al-Dilālī fī Maqāyīs al-Luġah li Ibni Fāris [Semantic development in the dictionary of language standards]. Master Thesis, University Mohamed Khider Biskra. http://thesis.univ-biskra.dz/165/1/lettre_m4_2014.pdf

Raʾūf, R. 2002. Al-dilālah Al-Markaziyyah wa Al-dilālah Al-Hāmišiyyah bina Al-Luġawiyyīn wa Al-Balāġiyyīn [Central signification and marginal signification between linguists and rhetoricians]. Master Thesis. Baghdad University.

Website

al-Būzīdī, M. 2017. Al-Muʿǧam Al-ʿArabi. https://www.alukah.net/literature_language/0/116660/ (accessed on 1st March 2023)

Ibnu lyemen. 2020. Vowels in Arabic [Arabic language learning]. Language Learning. https://www.ibnulyemenarabic.com/arabic-language/vowels-in-arabic/ (accessed on 1st February 2023).

Downloads

Published

2023-10-01

How to Cite

A. Elgmati, A., Hassan, A. R., & Abdul Jabar, M. A. (2023). The Dictionary Maqāyīs Al-Luġah, By Ahmed Ibnu Fāris: A Book Review . Al-Qanatir: International Journal of Islamic Studies, 32(1), 205–213. Retrieved from https://al-qanatir.com/aq/article/view/604