Zakat As A Tool For Social Justice: An Analytical Study Of Usul Fiqh Principles And Their Application In Islamic Criminal Law

Zakat Sebagai Instrumen Keadilan Sosial: Analisis Pada Prinsip Istihsan Dan Aplikasinya Dalam Undang-Undang Jenayah Islam

Authors

Keywords:

Zakat, Istihsan, Islamic Criminal Law, Social Justice, Jurisprudence

Abstract

In an effort to adapt Islamic law to the needs of modern society, this research examines the potential integration of zakat through the principle of Istihsan in the Islamic criminal justice system. This research aims to show how this approach can improve social justice and community well-being. This research explores the feasibility of incorporating zakat into Islamic criminal justice systems using the principle of Istihsan with the objective of tackling current socio-economic issues and improving legal flexibility. The aim is to showcase how this integration might advance a more empathetic and equitable justice system by giving priority to rehabilitation rather than punishment. Using a legal framework, the research methodically examines traditional fiqh texts, interpretations of the Quran, explanations of Hadith, and modern scholarly writings. This exhaustive library research methodology allows for a thorough examination of the interaction between zakat, Istihsan, and Islamic criminal law. The results demonstrate that the deliberate incorporation of zakat can effectively tackle the socio-economic conditions that contribute to criminal conduct. This is evident from the zakat programs implemented in Malaysia, which provide assistance to vulnerable populations like victims of elder abuse and domestic violence. In addition, communities that implement zakat programs based on Istihsan principles demonstrate elevated levels of civic participation and social unity, resulting in enhanced social stability. The research also shows that Islamic criminal law systems that include zakat through Istihsan display more adaptability and receptiveness to contemporary social concerns, thus promoting forward-thinking legal approaches that correspond with the humanitarian objectives of Islamic law. This research highlights the significant capacity of zakat to bring about profound change when incorporated through Istihsan, advocating for a revitalized approach to zakat within legal frameworks in order to attain social justice and promote the well-being of the community. Future research should prioritize doing empirical studies to evaluate the practical effects and expandability of these integrations in various socio-cultural settings.

Abstrak
Untuk menyesuaikan undang-undang Islam dengan keperluan masyarakat moden, kajian ini meneliti potensi integrasi zakat melalui prinsip Istihsan dalam sistem keadilan jenayah Islam. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bagaimana pendekatan ini dapat meningkatkan keadilan sosial dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kajian ini ingin meneroka kebolehlaksanaan memasukkan zakat ke dalam sistem keadilan jenayah Islam menggunakan prinsip Istihsan. Objektif kajian ini ialah untuk menangani isu sosio-ekonomi semasa dan meningkatkan fleksibiliti undang-undang. Matlamatnya adalah untuk mempamerkan bagaimana integrasi ini boleh memajukan sistem keadilan yang lebih empati dan saksama dengan memberi keutamaan kepada pemulihan berbanding hukuman. Menerusi analisis kerangka undang-undang, kajian ini menggunakan metodologi meneliti teks fiqh tradisional, tafsiran al-Quran, penjelasan Hadith dan tulisan ilmiah moden. Metodologi kajian perpustakaan ini membolehkan pemeriksaan menyeluruh dilakukan terhadap interaksi antara zakat, Istihsan dan undang-undang jenayah Islam. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa integrasi zakat dapat menangani keadaan sosio-ekonomi yang menyumbang kepada perlakuan jenayah dengan berkesan. Dapatan ini terbukti daripada program zakat yang dilaksanakan di Malaysia yang menyediakan bantuan kepada penduduk yang terkesan seperti mangsa penderaan warga emas dan keganasan rumah tangga. Di samping itu, komuniti yang melaksanakan program zakat berdasarkan prinsip Istihsan menunjukkan peningkatan tahap penyertaan sivik dan perpaduan sosial. Peningkatan ini menghasilkan kestabilan sosial yang lebih baik. Kajian ini  juga menunjukkan bahawa sistem undang-undang jenayah Islam yang merangkumi zakat melalui Istihsan mempamerkan kebolehsesuaian dan kemampuan beradaptasi terhadap kebimbangan sosial kontemporari. Kebolehsesuaian ini sekali gus menggalakkan pendekatan undang-undang yang ke hadapan, sesuai dengan objektif kemanusiaan undang-undang Islam. Kajian ini menyerlahkan potensi zakat untuk membawa perubahan yang mendalam apabila diintegrasikan menerusi Istihsan. Potensi zakat ini menyokong pendekatan yang perlu difikirkan semula untuk zakat dalam rangka kerja undang-undang untuk mencapai keadilan sosial dan menggalakkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kajian masa depan boleh dilakukan terhadap kajian empirikal untuk menilai kesan praktikal dan kebolehkembangan integrasi ini merentas sosio-budaya berbeza.

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Author Biographies

Muhammad Ilhamuddin Arsad, UNIVERSITI MALAYA

Calon Ph.D, Akademi Pengajian Islam, Universiti Malaya (UM).

Mohd Hafiz Jamaludin, Universiti Malaya

Pensyarah Kanan, Akademi Pengajian Islam Universiti Malaya, Universiti Malaya (UM).

Siti Aisyah Samudin, Universiti Malaya

Pensyarah Kanan, Akademi Pengajian Islam Universiti Malaya, Universiti Malaya (UM).

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Published

2024-11-14

How to Cite

Arsad, M. I., Jamaludin, M. H., & Samudin, S. A. (2024). Zakat As A Tool For Social Justice: An Analytical Study Of Usul Fiqh Principles And Their Application In Islamic Criminal Law: Zakat Sebagai Instrumen Keadilan Sosial: Analisis Pada Prinsip Istihsan Dan Aplikasinya Dalam Undang-Undang Jenayah Islam. Al-Qanatir: International Journal of Islamic Studies, 33(6), 169–181. Retrieved from https://al-qanatir.com/aq/article/view/956