ZURRI WAQF IN MALAYSIA: NAVIGATING IMPLEMENTATION AND ACCOUNTING PRACTICES
WAKAF ZURRI DI MALAYSIA: MENAVIGASI PELAKSANAAN DAN AMALAN PERAKAUNAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64757/alqanatir.2025.3407/1045Keywords:
Zurri, Waqf, Accounting, Financial, WealthAbstract
The challenges associated with the static management of wealth in Malaysia can be traced back to the time of Prophet Muhammad SAW, where zurri waqf emerged as a mechanism for allocating assets to heirs excluded from inheritance laws. This study aims to identify the implementation of zurri waqf in Malaysia, examine accounting protocols, and propose accounting standards aligned with the principles of zurri waqf. The research involved interviews and content analysis with 18 participants representing waqf management units, Shariah experts, and academic specialists. The findings indicate that the management of zurri waqf in Malaysia is exclusively handled by four State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs), namely Kelantan, Terengganu, Penang, and Kedah. Although these entities adhere to current accounting standards, the comprehensive disclosure of zurri waqf data in financial reports is insufficient due to the lack of a standardized accounting methodology. The proposed accounting standards include recognition, measurement, and disclosure tailored to the unique characteristics of zurri waqf. Additionally, the study identifies a correlation between the implementation of zurri waqf and social exchange theory, highlighting the mutual benefits for trustees. Theoretical frameworks such as positive accounting theory and decision usefulness theory serve to rationalize the disclosure of relevant information in zurri waqf reports. The implications emphasize the need for improved management practices and asset governance to optimize the effectiveness of zurri waqf as a wealth management tool while maintaining equity. Furthermore, the advocated accounting standards aim to enhance financial reporting practices, thereby strengthening the accountability of Islamic institutions within the broader landscape of the third sector.
Abstrak
Cabaran pengurusan kekayaan yang statik di Malaysia dapat dikaitkan dengan zaman Nabi Muhammad SAW, di mana wakaf zurri muncul sebagai mekanisme untuk membahagikan aset kepada pewaris yang dikecualikan daripada undang-undang warisan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti pelaksanaan wakaf zurri di Malaysia, mengkaji protokol perakaunan, dan mencadangkan piawaian perakaunan yang diselaraskan dengan prinsip-prinsip wakaf zurri. Penyelidikan ini melibatkan temubual dan analisis kandungan dengan 18 peserta yang mewakili unit pengurusan wakaf, pakar syariah, dan pakar akademik. Ia menunjukkan bahawa pengurusan wakaf zurri di Malaysia dikelola dalam empat Majlis Agama Islam Negara (MAIN) secara eksklusif, yang merangkumi Kelantan, Terengganu, Penang, dan Kedah. Walaupun entiti-entiti ini mematuhi piawaian perakaunan semasa, pendedahan komprehensif data wakaf zurri dalam laporan kewangan tidak mencukupi kerana tiada metodologi perakaunan yang seragam. Piawaian perakaunan yang dicadangkan merangkumi pengiktirafan, pengukuran, dan pendedahan yang disesuaikan dengan ciri-ciri unik wakaf zurri. Di samping itu, kajian ini mengenal pasti korelasi antara pelaksanaan wakaf zurri dan teori pertukaran sosial, yang menonjolkan manfaat bersama pemegang amanah. Rangka kerja teori seperti teori perakaunan positif dan teori keberkesanan keputusan berkhidmat untuk rasionalkan pendedahan maklumat yang relevan dalam laporan wakaf zurri. Implikasi menekankan keperluan untuk amalan pengurusan yang lebih baik dan pengurusan aset untuk mengoptimumkan keberkesanan wakaf zurri sebagai alat pengurusan kekayaan sambil mengekalkan ekuiti. Di samping itu, piawaian perakaunan yang disokong bertujuan untuk meningkatkan amalan laporan kewangan, dengan itu memperkuat tanggungjawab institusi Islam dalam lanskap sektor ketiga yang lebih luas.
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