Systematic Literature Review: Provision Of Zakat Fund To Hospitals And Frontliners During The Pandemic Covid-19

Sorotan Literatur Sistematik: Peruntukan Dana Zakat Kepada Hospital Dan Barisan Hadapan Semasa Pandemik Covid-19

Abstract

The health sector is among the sectors affected due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This has caused the operation of the hospital to become increasingly hectic with the rising number of patients in need of treatment. As a result, the existing medical equipment is not enough to treat the increasing number of COVID-19 patients. Therefore, this study aims to identify the allocation of zakat funds provided by zakat institutions in Malaysia in providing assistance to hospitals and frontliners who worked hard to deal with the COVID-19 during the pandemic period. Systematic Literature Review is a methodology used by researchers to find articles that are specific to the needs of the study. There are three phases in selecting articles that fit the theme of the study, namely identification, screening and eligibility. Two databases were selected in this study, namely the Google Search Engine and Google Scholar websites. The main keywords used were "agihan" or “distribution” or "bantuan" or “assistance” and "zakat" and “institusi zakat” or “zakat institutions” and "hospital" or "petugas barisan hadapan" or “Frontline workers” and "pandemik COVID-19". The study found that there were sixteen articles that discussed the distribution of zakat fund allocation by zakat institutions in Malaysia to hospitals and frontline workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The eleven articles cover the amount of zakat funds allocated to hospitals and front lines and zakat assistance schemes provided by zakat institutions to help the health and safety sectors severely affected during the COVID-19 outbreak.  Among the two main schemes of zakat assistance to hospitals and frontline are medical assets to hospitals and clinics and food to frontline staff.

Abstrak
Sektor kesihatan antara sektor yang terkesan dengan kewujudan wabak COVID-19. Hal ini menyebabkan pengoperasian hospital semakin sibuk dengan pertambahan pesakit yang memerlukan rawatan. Kesannya, alatan perubatan yang sedia ada tidak cukup untuk merawat pesakit COVID-19 yang semakin hari makin bertambah. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti peruntukan dana zakat yang diberikan oleh institusi zakat di Malaysia dalam memberi bantuan kepada hospital dan petugas barisan hadapan yang bertungkus lumus bekerja keras dalam menangani wabak COVID-19 semasa tempoh pandemik. Sorotan literatur sistematik (Systematic Literature Review) adalah metodologi yang digunakan oleh pengkaji dalam pencarian artikel-artikel yang khusus bagi memenuhi kehendak kajian. Terdapat tiga fasa dalam memilih artikel yang sesuai dengan tema kajian iaitu pengenalpastian (identification), saringan (screening) dan kelayakkan (eligibility). Dua pangkalan data (database) telah dipilih dalam kajian ini iaitu laman web Google Search Engine dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci utama yang digunakan adalah seperti "agihan" or “distribution” or "bantuan" or “assistance” and "zakat" and “institusi zakat” or “zakat institutions” and "hospital" or "petugas barisan hadapan" or “Frontline workers” and "pandemik COVID-19". Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat enam belas artikel yang membincangkan agihan peruntukan dana zakat oleh institusi zakat di Malaysia kepada hospital dan petugas barisan hadapan semasa pandemik COVID-19. Sebelas artikel tersebut meliputi jumlah dana zakat yang diperuntukan kepada hospital dan barisan hadapan dan skim-skim bantuan zakat yang disediakan oleh institusi zakat untuk membantu sektor kesihatan dan keselamatan yang terjejas terus semasa wabak COVID-19. Antara dua skim utama bantuan zakat kepada hospital dan barisan hadapan ialah aset perubatan kepada hospital dan klinik dan makanan kepada petugas barisan hadapan.