Islamic Law Civilisation And The Thought Of Ulama Indonesia In The Colonial Period (19th Century)

Abstract

This paper explains the history of Indonesia’s Islamic civilisation and thought during the colonial period in the 19^th century. This colonial period in the 15^th century when the Portuguese seized the archipelago domestic products such as spices and gold, and wanted to spread Christianity in the archipelago. In relation to this, this research aims to examnie the ins and outs of the beginning of the entry of colonial nations into the Archipelago; the peak of Dutch colonial success in colonising Indonesia; the role of Islamic figures in facing these colonial powers through war in the 19^th century and the intellectual heritage of the fuqoha at that time, base on qualitative, historical and library approaches.  The results show that the Dutch have struggled strongly and determined to rule the archipelago by monopolising the trade of produces, seizing the power in Java, and oppressing the Religion of Islam. There was a resistant group from the community led by Islamic figures, such as Prince Dipenogoro in the Java war, Imam Bonjol in the Paderi war, and Sultan Agung Tirtayasa in the Banten war where they fought against these colonial powers and as a result, spreading Islam in Indonesia. In addition, these Islamic figures also established pesantren to spread Islamic teachings in the archipelago and so did the nusantara fuqoha in the 19^th century when they had an intellectual heritage to spread the teachings of Islam in the archipelago.