Liberalization Of Financial Services In Malaysia : Impacts Of The Coronavirus Pandemic On The Economic Growth

Liberalisasi Perkhidmatan Kewangan Di Malaysia: Implikasi Pendemik Covid-19 Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Semasa

Authors

  • Noor Aznaim Abd Latib Pensyarah Kanan
  • Mohd Afandi Mat Rani Profesor Madya

Keywords:

Financial, Liberalization, Economic, Freedom, Policy

Abstract

Most countries including Malaysia, have implemented financial liberalization policies over last two decades since  1970s. This policy aims to boost competitiveness, efficiency, effective resource allocation, as well as the openness of a nation's economic financial institutions to larger market competition. Second, the policy aims to keep the government out the market more than feasible. In the context of Islamic banking, financial liberalization has contributed to a greater diversity of participants following the arrival of foreign Islamic banks and subsidiary Islamic banks. The objectives of this paper was to examine the effect of long-established financial economic liberalization in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This research aims to examine impacts of the  coronavirus pandemic  on the economic growth base on qualitative, historical and library approaches.  According the results of this study, impact of previously implemented financial liberalisation policies and the PEMERKASA programme announced by the government when the country faced a pandemic can maintain Malaysia as a destination of choice for investors and increase investor confidence even though the country is still handling with this pandemic.  This is attributable to the fact that the removal of restrictions on capital inflows and outflows indicates liberalisation, and increases capital inflows. Without foreign investment, an economy will only have a small number of savers. Furthermore, through foreign capital flows that complement domestic savings, international financial integration could generate growth. Third, the inflow of foreign banks tends to increase competition, that can improve both of the performance of urban financial services and allocative efficiency. In this aspect, the Malaysian government's liberalisation strategy is considered to indicate the potential to positively impact economic growth as well as help the country's economic recovery during the COVID-19 pendemic.

Abstrak
Sepanjang dua dekad yang lalu, kebanyakan negara telah melaksanakan dasar liberalisasi kewangan seperti yang berlaku di Malaysia yang mana dasar ini dilaksanakan secara berperingkat sejak tahun 1970-an lagi. Dasar ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan persaingan, kecekapan, peruntukan sumber serta meningkatkan kecekapan institusi kewangan negara kepada persaingan pasaran yang lebih luas dengan meminimumkan campur tangan kerajaan dalam pasaran. Manakala bagi perbankan islam, liberalisasi kewangan telah mewujudkan kepelbagaian peserta melalui kemasukan bank Islam asing dan dan bank islam subsidiari. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk melihat keberkesanan  dasar  liberalisasi  kewangan yang telah lama dilaksanakan dalam mendepani pandemik COVID-19. Metodologi kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif dengan merujuk kepada kajian kepustakaan berasaskan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer adalah merujuk kepada laporan ekonomi, dokumen terbitan awam berkaitan ekonomi Malaysia. Manakala data sekunder diperoleh daripada sumber seperti buku, jurnal dan artikel termasuk bahan-bahan percetakan yang berkaitan dengan dasar liberalisasi kewangan. Hasil kajian ini mendapati kesan daripada perlaksanaan dasar liberalisasi kewangan sebelum ini serta  program PEMERKASA yang diumumkan kerajaan semasa negara berdepan pandemik mampu mengekalkan Malaysia sebagai destinasi pilihan pelabur serta meningkatkan keyakinan pelabur walaupun negara masih berdepan dengan wabak ini. Ini kerana penghapusan sekatan terhadap aliran keluar masuk modal merupakan isyarat liberalisasi dan seterusnya menggalakkan aliran modal masuk. Tanpa pelaburan asing, sesebuah ekonomi akan hanya mempunyai penabung-penabung kecil. Selain itu, integrasi kewangan antarabangsa mampu menjana pertumbuhan melalui aliran modal asing yang menjadi pelengkap kepada tabungan domestik. Ketiga, kemasukan bank-bank asing cenderung untuk meningkatkan persaingan dan seterusnya boleh menambah baik kualiti perkhidmatan kewangan domestik dan juga kecekapan alokatif. Sehubungan dengan itu, dasar liberalisasi yang dilaksanakan oleh kerajaan di Malaysia dilihat mampu memberikan impak positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi serta menyokong pemulihan ekonomi negara semasa pandemik COVID-19 .

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Author Biographies

Noor Aznaim Abd Latib, Pensyarah Kanan

Akademi Pengajian Islam Kontemporari, Universiti Teknologi MARA. 

Mohd Afandi Mat Rani, Profesor Madya

Akademi Pengajian Islam Kontemporari, Universiti Teknologi MARA. 

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Jurnal

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Tesis

Fidzlizan Muhammad. 2012. Kelakuan Pembiayaan Perbankan Islam Dalam Transmisi Dasar Kewangan Di Malaysia. Universiti Malaya: Tesis Doktor Falsafah.

Norlida Johari. 2017. Financial Openness and Economic Growth. University Putra Malaysia: Master Thesis School of Finance and Banking

Internet

Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia. https://www.mof.gov.my/ms/berita/siaran-media/prestasi-kdnk-suku-pertama-2021-pertumbuhan-ekonomi-malaysia-semakin-pulih (diakses pada 10 Ogos 2021).

Published

2022-06-15

How to Cite

Abd Latib, N. A., & Mat Rani, M. A. . (2022). Liberalization Of Financial Services In Malaysia : Impacts Of The Coronavirus Pandemic On The Economic Growth: Liberalisasi Perkhidmatan Kewangan Di Malaysia: Implikasi Pendemik Covid-19 Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Semasa. Al-Qanatir: International Journal of Islamic Studies, 26(2), 36–46. Retrieved from https://al-qanatir.com/aq/article/view/466

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