Penyaksian Wanita Dalam Pengisbatan Anak Bulan: Satu Analisis Kontemporari
Women’s Witnesses In The Determination Of Crescent: A Contemporary Descriptive Analysis
Keywords:
Crescent, Women, Witnesses, Observation, MalaysiaAbstract
Rukyah of the crescent is a method used to determine the beginning and end of the Hijrah month. With the development of astronomy, many people in the community began to specialise in astronomy, including women. Therefore, the issue of women's involvement in determining the crescent becomes a very interesting matter. Usually, the determination of the beginning of the month is done collectively by the Falak Division, the Mufti Department in each state, the Falak Research Unit of the Malaysian Islamic Development Department (JAKIM), the Malaysian Survey and Mapping Department (JUPEM), amateur astronomers, and other members of the public. Based on the diversity of this background, questions arise regarding the involvement of women during observation and the acceptance of female witnesses for the determination of the crescent: is it accepted by Syarak? Thus, the objective of this study is to examine the views of scholars and experts in Islamic astronomy in Malaysia regarding the acceptance of women as witnesses for the determination of crescent. This study is qualitative research using data collection methods through documentation and field methods such as interviews. The results of the research show that the role of a woman as a witness in determining the crescent is accepted by Shariah as long as the woman is Muslim, fair, and an expert in astronomy.
Abstrak
Rukyah anak bulan merupakan satu kaedah yang digunakan bagi penentuan awal dan akhir bulan Hijrah. Dengan perkembangan ilmu falak, maka ramai dalam kalangan masyarakat mula menguasai ilmu falak termasuklah golongan wanita. Oleh itu, isu penglibatan wanita dalam urusan penetapan anak bulan menjadi suatu perkara yang amat menarik. Kebiasannya, penetapan awal bulan dilakukan secara kolektif oleh Bahagian Falak, Jabatan Mufti di setiap negeri, Unit Falak Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM), Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan Malaysia (JUPEM), ahli amatur astronomi dan juga masyarakat awam yang lain. Berdasarkan kepelbagaian latar belakang ini, timbul persoalan berkaitan keterlibatan wanita sewaktu cerapan dan penerimaan saksi wanita bagi pengisbatan anak bulan adakah ia diterima oleh syarak? Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menilai pandangan ulama dan Pakar Falak di Malaysia berkaitan penerimaan saksi wanita bagi pengisbatan anak bulan. Kajian ini bersifat penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metod pengumpulan data melalui kaedah dokumentasi dan lapangan seperti temu bual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahawa penglibatan seseorang wanita sebagai saksi dalam pengisbatan anak bulan diterima oleh syarak selagi mana wanita tersebut adalah Muslim, bersifat adil serta memiliki kepakaran berkaitan ilmu falak.
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